Process of producing metal bodies



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GEORG- ISING AND HEINRICH BOROFSKI, 0F BRUNSWICK, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS, BY

MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE CHEMICAL IQUNDATION, INC., A CORPORATION OFDELAWARE.

PROCESS 01F PRODUCING METAL BODIES.

No drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GEoRe' IsINe and HEINRICH BOROFSKI, citizens of theGerman Republic, residing at Brunswick, Adolfstrasse 33, Germany, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in a Process of ProducingMetal Bodies, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to the art of producing metallic bodies andespecially to the art of producing compound bodies of metals andadmixtures. The object ofour invention is to provide an improved processof uniting metals with metals, or with admixtures having physicalproperties; that is, melting point, specific gravity, and so on, whichare diverse from the corresponding physical properties of the particularmetal with which the metal or the admixture is to be compounded.Hitherto, it was impossible, for instance, to produceby a fusing andcasting action a metallic composition from aluminium and graphite powderin which the graphite particles would be uniformly embedded within the'preponderating primary metal without, incidentally, materially reducingthe co-eflicient of strength of the metal forming the base of thecompound. Our present invention enables us to intimately unitesubstances of diverse nature and physical properties. The union obtainedis equivalent to a welded compound body-that is free from defects, andthe added substances are uniformly distributed and permanently andfirmly embedded within the metallic constituent of the compound. Toprevent a reduction of the strength of the compound body produced onaccount of the presence of oxides of the primary metal constituent, wedeoxid ze the latter. The deoxidation may be carried out either prior toor during the process of unitin the different constituents of thecompoun body. I

In accordance with our inventlon We are able to manufacture metalscontaining graphite which have-a low co-efficient of Application filedOctober 31, 1918. Serial No. 260,609.

instance, as is required for grinding or braklng purposes.

ur invention comprises transforming the metal to be subjected to thepressure into a state of plasticity by means of heat or high pressure,or a combination of heat and pressure, deoxidizing the metal andpresslng the same into the desired shape. The

deoxidation may precede the said transformation of the metal into aplastic state or may be carried out simultaneously with saidtransformation.

Another feature of our inventlon conslsts in adding another metal, or a.non-metallic substance, to the deoxidation may, for instance, consist inthe removal of the oxide film, whereupon we prevent the formation of anew oxide layer by providing a coveringv layer of carbonic acid gas orthe like gaseous agent. Upon cooling the primary metal mass andsimultaneously stirring into the same the substance to be added theretowe obtain the mass of the pulpy or'dough-like state which we call thestate of plasticity While this state prevails pressure is applied, forinstance, h draulically, whereby the metallic partic es are pressedtogether and, simultaneously, around the particles of the substanceadded.

II. We disintegrate the primary metal and the substance to be addedthereto, and mix these constituents of the compound to he produced. Wethen deoxidize the particles of the primary metal, for instance, bymeans ofan acid or the like substance capable of a deoxidizing action.The thus treated mixture is transformed and-then subjecting themixplastic' mass by means of heat or pressure and then deoxidized. The

intoa dough-like mass by, heat, and then subjected to pressure. The heatrequired to transform the disintegrated constituents of the compound tobe produced may be derived from any external source of heat, or may beproduced by increasing the pressure to such a degree that the heatgenerated there by incidentally produces the required state oflasticity.

ur novel process may also be applied for the production of pressedbodies from a metallic element or other metallic substance and involvesthe considerable advantage of enabling one to produce the desired resultin but one operation, whereas the methods, as hitherto practised,require a repeated heating, mechanical treatment, and repressing of themetallic mass.

Instead of pressing the thus treated mass into an independent body of adesired shape we may press the same upon another body and incidentallyunite both to a composite body.

The term reduced, as used in the specification and in the subjoinedclaims, indicates the procedure whereby a whole mass of the substance isrendered less compact, which enables portions thereof to be readilyseparated from the main mass, and which permits the formation of anintimate mixture of the various substances.

It of course will be understood that the illustrative embodiments of ourinvention above-described may be altered and varied within the scope ofthe subjoined claims.

We claim as our invention:

1. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,reducing the primary metal, intermixing therewith a reduced substance,deoxidizing the primary metal, heating the mixture until it becomesplastic, and subjecting the thus treated mass to pressure.

2. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,reducing the primary metal, intermixing therewith a reduced substance,deoxidizing the primary metal, covering said deoxidized mass with aprotective layer of an inert gas to prevent reoxidation, heating themixture until it becomes plastic, and subjecting the thus treated massto pressure.

3. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,reducing the primary metal, intermixing therewith a reduced substance,removing from the metallic particles any film of oxide, heating themixture until it becomes plastic, and subjecting the plastic mass topressure.

4. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,reducing the primary metal, intermixing therewith a reduced substance,treating the metallic particles with a mineral acidto remove any oxidefilm, covering said deoxidized mass with a protective layer of an inertgas to said metal, and subjecting said deoxidized metal to pressure.

6. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,heating the metal until it becomes plastic, removing from said metal anyoxide film, and subjecting said deoxidized metal to pressure.

7. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,heating the metal until it becomes plastic, deoxidizing said metal,covering the thus deoxidized metal with an atmosphere of an inert gas toprevent reoxidation, and subjecting said deoxidized metal 'to pressure.

8. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,heating the metal until it becomes plastic, deoxidizing said metal,covering the thus deoxidized metal with an atmosphere of carbon dioxideto prevent reoxidation, and subjecting said deoxidized metal topressure.

9. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,heating the primary metal until it becomes plastic, deoxidizing the saidmetal, intermixing said primary metal with another substance, andsubjecting the mixture to pressure.

10. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,heating the primary metaluntil it becomes plastic, deoxidizing saidmetal, covering the thus deoxidized metal with an atmosphere of an inertgas to prevent reoxidation, intermixing another substance with saidprimary metal, and subjecting the mixture to pressure. I

11. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,heating the primary metal until it becomes plastic, deoxidizing saidmetal, covering the thus deoxidized metal with an atmosphere of carbondioxide to prevent reoxidation, intermixing another substance with saidprimary metal, and subjecting the mixture to pressure.

12. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,fusing the metal, deoxidizing the fused metal, cooling the deoxidizedmass down to a state of plasticity, and subjecting the plastic mass topressure.

13. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,fusing the metal, removing from the fused metal any film of oxide,cooling the thus deoxidized mass down to a state of plasticity, andsubjecting the plastic mass to pressure.

14. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,fusing the metal, deoxidizing the fused metal, covering the thusdeoxidized mass with an atmosphere of an inert gas to preventreoxidation, cooling the deoxidized mass down to a state of plasticity,and subjecting the plastic mass to pressure.

15. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises,fusing the primary metal, deoxidizing the fused metal, cooling thedeoxidized mass down to a stateof plasticity, intermixing with saidprimary metal another substance, and subjecting the mixture to pressureWhile in the plastic state.

16. A process for the production of metallic bodies Which comprises,fusing the primary metal, deoxidizing the fused meta-l, covering thethus deoxidized mass with an atmosphere of an inert gas to preventreoxidation, cooling said deoxidized mass down to a state of plasticity,intermixing with said primary metal another substance, and subjectingthe mixture to pressure while in the plastic state.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands in presence of twosubscribing Witnesses.

GEORG ISING. HEINRICH BOROFSKI. itnesses 'ILHELM LEHRKE, WILL-I F AHN.

